mmm  of  illkois  i 


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9  17 


CCT  2  0  1921 

PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


MILITARY  INSTRUCTION 

AND 

WAR  SERVICE 


PRELIMINARY  REPORT 


PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


MILITARY  INSTRUCTION 

AND 

WAR  SERVICE 


Preliminary  Report 


OFFICE  OF  THE  SECRETARY 
PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 
December  1917 


H.  G.  Duffield,  Treasurer  Princeton  University, 
Princeton,  N.  J. 

I  wish  to  aid  in  the  support  of  The  Princeton  Bureau 

in  Paris.  Check,  or  money  order,  for  $ . 

to  your  order  is  enclosed  herewith. 

Signed  . 

Address  . 


Date 


I 


The  Early  Instruction  —  The  Princeton  Battalion  — 
Military  Training  —  The  Intensive  Courses  — 

The  Aviation  School  —  Faculty  Action  — 
Commencement  1917. 

On  December  7,  1914,  the  President  of  the  University  re¬ 
ported  to  the  University  Faculty  a  request  from  the  under¬ 
graduate  body  for  the  organization  of  military  training.  The 
Faculty  thereupon  voted  in  favor  of  offering  facilities  for 
voluntary  military  training  to  the  students  of  the  University; 
such  work  to  be  conducted  under  the  supervision  of  the  Uni¬ 
versity  and  in  accordance  with  rules  and  regulations  to  be 
later  decided  upon.  A  special  committee,  was  appointed  to 
present  the  details  of  the  plan  contemplated,  consisting  of 
Professor  Raycroft,  Chairman,  and  Professors  Bowman, 
Brown,  Libbey,  McClellan,  Mather,  and  Silvester. 

This  Committee,  known  as  the  Faculty  Committee  on  Mili¬ 
tary  Instruction,  has  for  the  past  three  years  handled  all  ques¬ 
tions  connected  with  the  courses  in  military  training.  It 
recommended  and  organized  the  various  lecture  and  intensive 
courses ;  it  examined  physically  all  candidates  for  drill  and 
for  the  original  aviation  school;  it  arranged  for  all  extra¬ 
curriculum  meetings  and  lectures  on  military  subjects.  Its 
most  valuable  work  probably — and  the  work  for  which  it  was 
most  unfairly  criticized  by  many  people — was  its  service  as 
a  bureau  of  information  and  advice  for  inquiring  under¬ 
graduates  seeking  to  enter  one  form  or  another  of  service. 
During  the  excitement  on  the  campus  attendant  upon  the  entry 
of  the  United  States  into  the  war,  this  Committee  sat  con¬ 
tinually  and  was  able  to  persuade  many  students  to  avoid 
hasty  entrance  into  service ;  it  positively  showed  to  many  their 
physical  unfitness  for  service,  and  it  acted  as  a  brake  on  im¬ 
pulsive  temperaments  in  College  seeking  to  do  anything  rather 
than  the  duty  of  finishing  their  academic  course. 

In  March,  1915,  the  Committee  laid  before  the  University 


4 


PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


Faculty  the  following  plan  of  organization  of  voluntary  work 
in  military  training.  The  Committee  had  made  a  very  careful 
study  of  the  various  systems  of  military  training  in  use  in 
the  colleges  and  universities  in  the  United  States.  None  of 
these  systems  seemed  adapted  to  the  conditions  which  exist 
at  Princeton.  The  following  plan  was  worked  out  in  confer¬ 
ence  with  representatives  of  the  United  States  War  Depart¬ 
ment  and  particularly  with  General  Wood,  and  combines  real 
educational  value  with  particular  military  instruction. 

A.  A  course  of  Open  Lectures  on  the  following  and  allied 

topics : 

1.  A  critical  study  of  the  military  history  of  the  United 
States,  with  especial  reference  to  the  War  of  1812, 
Mexican  War,  Civil  War  and  Spanish  War, 

2.  A  consideration  of  ways  and  means  that  will  prevent 
similar  unnecessary  sacrifice  of  lives  and  money  in 
any  emergency  that  may  arise  in  the  future, 

3.  Our  policy  on  the  Pacific  Ocean, 

4.  The  relations  of  regular  forces  to  militia  reserves  and 
volunteers, 

5.  Types  of  ordnance, 

6.  Functions  of  supply  department, 

7.  The  use  of  various  arms, 

8.  Military  map  making  and  reading, 

9.  Military  hygiene. 

These  lectures  were  to  be  given  one  hour  a  week  by  officers 
detailed  by  the  War  Department. 

B.  Tactical  Excursions  for  the  study  of: 

1.  Offensive  and  defensive  positions  in  a  given  location, 

2.  Trenches  and  trench  building, 

3.  Bridge  work — pontoons,  etc., 

4.  Road  building. 

C.  Practice  in  Rifle  Shooting,  both  on  indoor  and  outdoor 

ranges. 

The  Faculty  adopted  a  resolution  approving  the  organiza¬ 
tion  of  voluntary  work  in  military  training  in  Princeton  Uni¬ 
versity  along  the  lines  indicated  in  this  report. 

In  January,  1916,  students  who  had  been  to  Plattsburg  were 
reported  by  the  Commttee  on  Military  Instruction  as  desiring 
to  arrange  a  series  of  lectures  during  the  second  term  by 


WAR  RECORD 


5 


Army  officers  on  various  phases  of  military  topics,  the  series 
to  be  initiated  by  a  large  public  meeting  at  which  the  general 
subject  of  preparedness  should  be  discussed  by  a  speaker 
of  prominence  and  authority  such  as  General  Wood.  Later 
in  the  same  month,  Assistant  Secretary  of  War  Breckenridge 
accepted  an  invitation  to  open  the  series  with  an  address, 
General  Wood  was  scheduled  to  speak  ten  days  later,  and 
each  week  until  the  middle  of  April  military  lectures  were 
assigned.  Thirty  students  had  pledged  themselves  for  the  en¬ 
tire  course.  Captain  Gordon  Johnston,  Class  of  1898,  more¬ 
over  agreed  to  spend  a  week  at  Princeton  in  February  to 
confer  with  men  interested  in  the  summer  military  camps  or 
in  subjects  of  military  instruction. 

Toward  the  end  of  February,  1916,  it  was  proposed  by  the 
Faculty  Committee  that  the  military  instruction  in  Princeton 
should  be  so  shaped  as  to  help  fit  men  to  qualify  as  officers, 
and  a  sub-committee  took  the  matter  up  with  a  view  to  cor¬ 
relating  the  work  done  at  Princeton  with  the  work  of  the 
summer  camps.  The  attitude  of  the  Committee  on  Military 
Instruction  and  of  the  University  in  general  at  this  time  was 
definitely  expressed  by  the  Committee  in  a  statement  issued 
on  March  7,  1916: 

Military  Instruction  at  Princeton  University 

In  view  of  certain  misleading  comments  from  unauthorized 
sources  which  have  found  their  way  into  the  public  press  con¬ 
cerning  military  training  at  Princeton,  the  Faculty  Committee 
on  Military  Instruction  desires  to  make  the  following  state¬ 
ment: 

There  is  no  military  drill  either  of  a  voluntary  or  com¬ 
pulsory  nature  in  the  University.  There  is  no  indication, 
moreover,  on  the  part  of  the  Faculty  or  the  students  that  mili¬ 
tary  drill  would  be  desirable  or  feasible. 

Military  training  under  modern  conditions  involves  two 
fairly  distinct  elements :  the  one,  intellectual ;  the  other, 
physical.  The  first  is  deemed  by  the  Committee,  and  by  the 
Faculty  as  a  whole,  to  be  a  proper  part  of  a  university  cur¬ 
riculum  ;  the  second  should  more  fittingly  be  left  to  the  Sum¬ 
mer  Military  Training  Camps.  The  Committee  is  supported 
in  this  point  of  view  concerning  manual  drill  by  the  opinion  of 


6 


PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


the  United  States  Army  officers  with  whom  it  has  consulted. 

After  due  consideration,  the  Faculty  authorized  more  than 
a  year  ago  the  institution  of  a  course  of  lectures  by  Army 
officers  to  furnish  instruction  on  subjects  of  military  signifi¬ 
cance  as  well  as  of  general  educational  value.  Attendance  on 
these  lectures  was  entirely  voluntary. 

Such  a  course  of  instruction  has  been  instituted  for  the 
second  term  of  the  current  academic  year  with  the  under¬ 
standing  that  as  far  as  possible  it  shall  be  supplemented  by 
attendance  at  the  Summer  Military  Training  Camps  where 
an  intensive  technical  training  is  provided  under  most  favor¬ 
able  conditions. 

A  course  of  this  sort  must  naturally  be  regarded  at  first 
as  more  or  less  tentative  in  character.  The  Committee  on 
Military  Instruction  is  therefore  now  endeavoring  to  mature 
plans  for  a  thoroughly  well  organized  course  of  instruction 
which  in  co-ordination  with  the  Summer  Camps  and  in  har¬ 
mony  with  the  rest  of  the  curriculum  of  the  University,  may 
enable  those  students  who  may  so  desire,  to  prepare  themselves 
more  efficiently  to  qualify  in  case  of  emergency  as  reserve 
officers  in  a  citizen  soldiery.  Until  these  plans  shall  be  fully 
matured  and  formally  approved  by  the  Faculty,  it  is  obviously 
impossible  to  make  any  definite  announcement  on  the  subject. 

The  Committee  feels  confident  that  it  is  the  calm,  deliberate 
judgment  of  all  members  and  friends  of  the  University  who 
have  given  the  matter  earnest  consideration,  that  in  taking 
these  steps,  Princeton  is  trying  in  obedience  to  its  cherished 
traditions  to  fulfill  its  obligation  to  the  nation  as  well  as  to 
the  undergraduates  on  whose  disciplined  loyalty  the  country 
in  time  of  emergency  must  rely. 

Signed:  The  Princeton  University  Faculty  Committee 
on  Military  Instruction. 

By  the  end  of  March,  1916,  the  Committee  had  concluded 
to  recommend  the  establishment  of  a  regular  curriculum  elec¬ 
tive  in  Military  Science.  Accordingly,  on  April  3,  1916,  the 
Faculty  approved  the  introduction  of  an  upperclass  elective 
course  to  include  general  discussion  of  military  history,  or¬ 
ganization,  theory  of  tactics,  and  elementary  strategy.  This 
was  the  first  academic  recognition  in  the  history  of  Princeton 
University  of  a  course  in  military  science  to  count  toward  a 
degree.  On  June  5,  1916,  the  Faculty  approved  in  detail  the 
course  provided  by  the  Committee.  It  will  be  noted  that  drill 
was  not  included  in  the  plan. 


WAR  RECORD 


7 


The  course  was  to  deal  with  the  more  important  wars, 
campaigns,  and  battles ;  the  military  policy  of  the  United 
States,  what  it  has  been  and  what  it  should  be;  and  a  series 
of  practical  exercises  on  the  map  and  on  the  ground,  supple¬ 
mented  by  selections  from  the  official  military  correspondence : 
Readings  from:  Steele,  American  Campaigns ;  German  Gen¬ 
eral  Staff,  Boer  War ;  British  General  Staff,  Russo-Japanese 
War;  Upton,  Military  Policy  of  the  United  States ;  War  Col¬ 
lege  Documents  9053-90,  A  Proper  Military  Policy  for  the 
United  States;  Von  der  Goltz,  Conduct  of  War;  Studies  in 
Minor  Tactics.  Lectures,  preceptorials  and  required  reading; 
Junior  and  Senior  elective;  both  terms,  three  hours  per  week. 

With  the  beginning  of  the  academic  year  in  October,  1916, 
Captain  (now  Lieutenant  Colonel)  Stuart  Heintzelman,  U.  S. 
A.,  was  detailed  by  the  War  Department  for  duty  at  Prince¬ 
ton  and  immediately  began  the  course  of  lectures  planned  for 
three  hours  a  week,  and  elected  by  forty  students.  By  the 
end  of  the  term  this  number  had  increased  to  sixty. 

February  5,  1917,  on  the  severance  of  diplomatic  relations, 
the  Committee  on  Military  Instruction  drew  up  a  plan  for  the 
formation  of  a  Princeton  Provisional  Battalion  under  imme¬ 
diate  direction  and  command  of  Captain  Heintzelman,  with 
drill  to  commence  after  mid-years.  At  a  meeting  of  the  Fac¬ 
ulty  held  that  day  the  President  made  a  statement  in  regard 
to  the  Battalion,  and  Captain  Heintzelman  explained  the  na¬ 
ture  of  the  work  to  be  undertaken. 

Meanwhile  fifty  of  the  sixty  students  taking  the  original 
three  hour  lecture  course  had  continued  into  second  term  and 
a  new  class  was  organized  in  second  term  with  one  hundred 
and  fifty  men  electing  it. 

With  the  organization  of  the  Provisional  Battalion,  and 
the  authorization  of  drill,  eight  hundred  students  enrolled  to 
take  one  hour  of  drill  daily,  five  days  a  week.  A  company 
was  also  organized  at  the  Graduate  College. 

Meanwhile  the  Faculty,  on  March  19,  had  authorized  the 
President  to  appoint  a  committee  on  the  promotion  of  scien¬ 
tific  research  for  national  service;  said  committee  to  be  com¬ 
posed  of  from  nine  to  twelve  members  drawn  from  the  Fac¬ 
ulty,  the  Alumni,  and  the  Trustees  of  the  University. 


8 


PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


At  the  same  time,  pursuant  to  suggestions  issued  through 
the  Intercollegiate  Intelligence  Bureau  with  the  approval  of 
the  Government,  the  Faculty  also  requested  the  President  to 
appoint  a  committee  to  take  a  military  census  of  the  alumni 
and  other  members  of  the  University  with  a  view  to  ascertain¬ 
ing  what  service  they  were  qualified  and  willing  to  render 
in  case  of  national  need. 

With  the  coming  of  spring  the  drilling  hitherto  held  in  the 
gymnasium  was  held  out  doors  and  was  increased  to  six  hours 
a  week. 

It  now  had  become  evident  that  the  University  would  have 
to  take  academic  cognizance  of  the  military  training  in  prog¬ 
ress  and  planned,  and  of  the  fact  that  students  were  leaving 
the  University  to  enlist  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  they  had  no 
special  training;  and  at  a  special  meeting  of  the  Faculty,  held 
March  26,  1917,  the  following  resolutions  were  adopted: 

1.  That  a  senior  who  leaves  the  University  this  term  and 
is  accepted  for.  active  service  by  the  government  be  recom¬ 
mended  for  his  degree  in  June  if  his  record  of  previous  work 
is  complete. 

2.  That  for  a  member  of  any  of  the  other  classes  who 
leaves  for  the  same  reason,  arrangements  be  made  that  the  re¬ 
mainder  of  the  term  not  completed  be  not  required  for  gradu¬ 
ation. 

3.  That  such  adjustments  of  the  schedules  of  individual 
students  as  might  be  necessitated  by  these  resolutions  be  re¬ 
ferred  to  the  Committee  on  the  Course  of  Study  with  power. 

To  meet  the  immediate  situation,  an  intensive  course  of 
military  training  was  planned  for  those  men  who  by  age  and 
physical  fitness  might  be  considered  as  candidates  for  reserve 
officers-  commissions. 

Moreover,  the  President  and  the  Committee  on  Military 
Instruction  were  requested  to  issue  to  parents  of  students  a 
statement  setting  forth  the  plan  and  purpose  of  the  arrange¬ 
ments  made  by  the  University  for  military  training.  The 
statement  follows: 


WAR  RECORD 


9 


Statement  Concerning  Policy  and  Plans  of  Princeton 
University  at  the  Present  Crisis 

Appreciating  the  fact  that  the  parents  and  guardians  of 
our  students  who  have  entrusted  them  to  our  care  are  naturally 
desirous  of  knowing  the  purpose  and  extent  of  the  military 
training  which  is  now  made  available  to  our  undergraduates, 
it  has  seemed  wise  to  make  the  following  statement. 

As  a  national  university,  Princeton,  as  in  the  past,  considers 
that  its  duty  is  not  merely  to  provide  higher  liberal  education 
but  also  to  prepare  its  students  to  render  the  most  effective 
service  to  their  country.  In  the  present  crisis  therefore  the 
University  aims  to  cooperate  in  every  way  with  the  national 
government.  It  has  placed  at  the  disposal  of  the  latter  its 
laboratories  and  the  services  of  its  men  of  science,  and  is  af¬ 
fording  its  members  all  possible  opportunities  to  prepare  them¬ 
selves  to  be  of  the  highest  usefulness  in  that  branch  for  which 
they  may  be  best  qualified.  It  will  further  endeavor  to  adapt 
its  future  plans  to  meet  the  needs  of  the  government  in  the 
event  of  war. 

University  Work.  Should  war  be  declared,  there  is  no  in¬ 
tention  of  closing  the  University.  Work  will  continue 
very  much  as  usual  though  certain  adjustments  in  the 
curriculum  will  be  made  to  enable  certain  students  under 
military  training  to  qualify  as  officers  for  national  service. 
For  others  the  university  work  will  continue  without 
change. 

Military  Training.  The  University  believes  that  in  view  of 
their  training  and  equipment  students  can  render  the  most 
effective  service  to  the  nation  in  time  of  war  as  officers  or 
special  experts  in  various  lines  rather  than  as  privates. 
The  plans  of  the  University  are  therefore  directed  to 
this  end. 

Reserve  Officers'  Training  Corps.  The  University  has  ful¬ 
filled  the  requirements  prescribed  by  the  War  Department 
for  the  organization  of  a  unit  of  the  Reserve  Officers’ 
Training  Corps.  It  aims  to  afford  every  facility  to  stu¬ 
dents  desiring  to  qualify  for  the  Officers’  Reserve  Corps. 
Instruction.  Captain  Stewart  S.  Heintzelman  of  the  United 
States  Army  has  been  detailed  by  the  War  Department 
to  give  military  instruction  in  the  University  and  to  super¬ 
vise  all  work  of  a  military  character.  It  is  expected  that 
other  officers  will  be  detailed  by  the  War  Department  to 
assist  in  this  work.  In  addition  to  the  military  drill,  Cap¬ 
tain  Heintzelman  has  been  giving  to  Juniors  and  Seniors 


10 


PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


a  course  throughout  the  year  on  “Military  History,  Pol¬ 
icy,  and  Minor  Tactics.”  This  course  counts  as  any  other 
course  towards  a  degree.  An  advanced  course  has  also 
been  authorized.  In  addition,  plans  are  being  made  for 
the  giving  of  special  courses  outside  of  the  regular  cur¬ 
riculum  which  may  be  required  by  students  who  desire 
to  qualify  as  officers  or  for  other  war  service. 

Drill.  There  is  no  intention  to  form  a  Princeton  battalion  as 
a  fighting  unit.  Opportunities  for  drill  six  or  more  hours 
a  week  are  afforded  to  give  men  individually  the  training 
required  for  effective  service  in  any  branch  of  the  national 
forces.  It  aims  particularly  to  provide  special  oppor¬ 
tunities  for  those  who  wish  to  qualify  as  officers.  This 
drill  is  voluntary. 

Aviation.  Through  the  generosity  of  friends  of  the  University 
special  opportunities  will  be  afforded  students  who  may 
desire  to  train  themselves  for  aviation  service.  Only  those 
who  have  obtained  the  written  permission  of  parents  or 
guardians,  and  are  physically  fitted  and  otherwise  qualified 
for  this  work,  will  be  permitted  to  take  instruction  in 
aviation. 

Red  Cross  Service.  Members  of  the  University  who  may  de¬ 
sire  to  qualify  for  Red  Cross  service  will  be  given  special 
opportunities  for  training  in  this  branch. 

Degrees  and  Credits.  While  no  specific  announcement  is  pos¬ 
sible  at  this  time,  the  University  will  unquestionably  take 
the  appropriate  action  necessary  to  prevent  any  injustice 
in  the  matter  of  credit  for  university  work  and  the  grant¬ 
ing  of  degrees  in  the  case  of  students  called  into  the  na¬ 
tion’s  service  and  compelled  to  leave  the  University  before 
the  end  of  the  academic  year. 

Advice  to  Students.  In  view  of  the  policy  and  plans  of  the 
University  as  outlined,  students  are  advised  to  refrain 
from  hasty  enlistment  in  case  of  war.  They  are  urged 
to  avail  themselves  of  the  opportunities  for  military  train¬ 
ing  which  the  University  offers.  Pending  future  develop¬ 
ments  and  the  formulation  of  the  plans  of  the  Government 
in  the  event  of  war,  the  University  will  endeavor  to  aid 
its  members  by  preparing  them  for  the  most  useful  work 
they  may  be  able  to  undertake.  General  Leonard  Wood 
has  advised  that  “The  men  at  Princeton  stay  where  they 
are,  follow  their  college  work  and  push  their  military  in¬ 
struction  to  the  limit  under  Captain  Heintzelman.  The 
situation  has  not  developed  to  the  extent  which  in  any 
way  justifies  their  leaving  college  or  trying  to  volunteer 
at  the  present  time.”  Not  only  will  all  students  be  given 


WAR  RECORD 


ii 


the  best  possible  facilities  for  training,  but  also  they  will 
be  given  all  necessary  information  and  advice  by  compe¬ 
tent  military  and  university  authorities.  In  order  to  pre¬ 
vent  students  from  taking  hasty  and  ill-advised  action,  the 
University  bespeaks  the  cooperation  of  their  parents. 
Supervision  of  Military  Training.  The  supervision  of  all  ques¬ 
tions  relating  to  military  training  and  instruction  in  the 
University  lies  in  the  hands  of  the  President  and  a  special 
Faculty  Committee  on  Military  Instruction.  Any  in¬ 
quiries  in  this  connection  should  be  addressed  to  Captain 
Heintzelman  or  Professor  Raycroft. 

(Signed)  John  Grier  Hibben, 
Princeton,  N.  J.  President. 

March  29th,  1917. 

At  the  same  meeting,  March  26,  1917,  it  was  voted  that  the 
question  of  giving  academic  credit  for  the  three  afternoons 
of  drill  at  that  time  scheduled  for  members  of  the  Provisional 
Battalion  be  considered  by  the  Committee  on  the  Course  of 
Study.  On  April  2,  the  Committee  reported  to  the  Faculty 
and  it  was  voted  that  students  regularly  engaged  in  military 
training  in  the  Provisional  Battalion  with  a  view  to  becoming 
reserve  officers  as  soon  as  opportunity  offered,  be  relieved  of 
one  three  hour  course  of  their  regular  schedule ;  and  that  men 
who  left  Princeton  for  service  in  Ambulance  or  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
work  should  be  treated  with  respect  to  graduation  or  to  credit 
for  a  term’s  work  as  those  who  entered  military  service. 

On  April  9,  the  Faculty  voted  that  students  eligible  for  the 
Reserve  Officers’  Training  Camp  be  permitted  to  substitute 
for  their  regular  academic  studies  the  intensive  course  of  mili¬ 
tary  training  averaging,  besides  drill,  five  hours  a  day,  six  days 
a  week,  in  preparation  for  the  reserve  officer  examinations. 
This  course  was  taken  by  141  students  of  whom  100  completed 
it  successfully. 

The  course  was  organized  in  the  following  manner : 

Administration  . 

Field  Service  Regulations . 

Topography  . 

Drill  Regulations  . 

Tables  of  Organization  . 

Small  Arms  Firing  Regulations 
Law  . 

30  hours. 


2  hours  per  week, 


10 

4 

1 

5 

2 


12 


PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


On  April  23,  a  second  intensive  course  of  138  men  was 
formed  for  the  same  purpose  and  72  successfully  completed 
the  course.  At  this  time  there  were  over  one  thousand  stu¬ 
dents  and  graduates  taking  either  the  intensive  courses  or  the 
courses  in  military  science  and  drilling.  More  than  30  volun¬ 
teers  from  the  Faculty  were  assisting  Captain  Heintzelman, 
giving  lectures,  conducting  quizzes  and  preceptorials,  or  super¬ 
vising  squads  on  the  field. 

On  May  14,  a  third  intensive  course  was  organized  with  145 
men,  of  whom  102  successfully  completed  the  course.  The 
statistics  of  the  three  intensives  at  Princeton  are: 

1.  140  students  100  successful 

2.  138  students  72  successful 

3.  145  students  102  successful. 

The  outlines  used  in  the  military  courses  were  published 
in  the  Daily  Princetonian,  the  uniforms  and  textbooks  were 
secured  through  the  Princeton  University  Store,  and  the  Gov¬ 
ernment  supplied  the  rifles  and  other  equipment. 

To  check  hasty  and  ill  considered  enlistment  which  threat¬ 
ened  the  University  a  sub-committee  of  the  Committee  on 
Military  Instruction  was  ordered  to  issue  a  statement  which 
appeared  in  the  Daily  Princetonian  of  April  11,  1917.  The 
sub-committee  was  continued  and  sat  daily  as  already  stated 
acting  as  a  bureau  of  advice,  information  and  consultation  for 
students  contemplating  enlistment.  The  published  statement 
follows : 

The  Faculty  Committee  on  Military  Instruction  believes 
it  to  be  most  urgent  that  students  should  carefully  consider 
all  possible  opportunities  for  increased  usefulness  and  advance¬ 
ment  before  definitely  choosing  the  special  branch  of  military 
service  they  may  desire  to  enter. 

It  should  be  apparent  that  when  a  man  enlists  as  a  private 
in  a  Militia  company  he  has  a  limited  chance  for  advancement 
as  a  member  of  that  organization.  So  likewise  in  local  Bat¬ 
teries.  The  aviation  service  offers  very  large  opportunities 
for  usefulness  though  not  for  high  preferment.  The  Naval 
Coast  Defense  Guard,  while  rendering  essential  and  most 
meritorious  service,  presents  limited  opportunities  for  advance¬ 
ment  and  usefulness.  The  highest  rank  obtainable  is  that  of 
Ensign,  which  is  equivalent  to  that  of  Second  Lieutenant  in 
the  Army. 


WAR  RECORD 


13 


The  various  branches  of  the  Army,  whether  in  the  In¬ 
fantry,  Cavalry,  Field  Artillery,  Coast  Artillery,  Engineers, 
or  Signal  Corps,  present  no  such  restrictions.  The  only  limit 
on  advancement  and  opportunities  for  greater  service  is  the 
limit  of  the  personal  capacity  of  the  candidates  for  com¬ 
missions. 

The  University  authorities,  therefore,  feel  entirely  war¬ 
ranted  in  encouraging  as  many  students  as  possible  to  avail 
themselves  of  the  facilities  furnished  by  the  University  to 
qualify  as  members  of  the  Officers’  Training  Corps.  It  is 
believed  that  in  this  way  they  will  be  able  without  undue  haste 
to  determine  wisely  in  just  what  ways  they  can  render  the 
nation  the  most  effective  service,  and  utilize  to  the  best  ad¬ 
vantage  their  special  training  and  aptitudes.  The  test  should 
be,  not  immediate  service,  but  the  most  effective  service. 

Notwithstanding,  by  April  16,  1917,  at  least  153  students 
had  left  college  and  were  distributed  as  follows : 


Newport  (Naval  Reserve)...  95 

Manhattan  Beach  .  2 

U.  S.  Coast  Artillery .  1 

U.  S.  Signal  Corps .  1 

Co.  L,  2nd  Regt.,  N.  G.  N.  J.. .  20 

U.  S.  Marine  Corps .  11 

Coast  Patrol .  4 

Troop  A,  N.  G.  N.  J .  3 

Battery  A,  Baltimore .  8 


This  list  is  not  complete. 


Essex  Troop  .  3 

U.  S.  Navy  .  2 

Annapolis  . 1 

Battery  H,  Indiana .  1 

American  Ambulance .  1 

Newport  News,  Va .  3 

Aviation  .  6 

New  York,  Squadron  A .  1 


153 


Early  in  April  the  Committee  on  Military  Instruction  defi¬ 
nitely  took  up  the  question  of  aviation  which  it  had  been  con¬ 
sidering  informally  for  several  weeks,  and  at  its  meeting  of 
April  8,  Mr.  James  Barnes,  Class  of  1891,  now  Major  in  the 
Signal  Corps,  was  present  and  outlined  the  arrangements  for 
privately  financing  an  aviation  school.  Mr.  Marshall  Mills, 
Class  of  1902,  was  appointed  Superintendent.  Three  instruc¬ 
tors  and  four  planes  were  provided.  The  work  done  proved 
so  efficient  that  of  the  45  Princeton  students  in  the  School, 
26  are  now  abroad  in  flying  schools  or  in  actual  service ;  while 
others  entered  Government  schools. 

On  April  27,  the  Faculty  authorized  the  Committee  on  Mili¬ 
tary  Instruction  to  formulate  and  put  into  operation  a  course 
of  study  for  those  students  who  passed  the  physical  examina¬ 
tion  for  the  aviation  corps  which  should  be  the  equivalent  of 


14 


PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


the  course  of  study  followed  by  the  students  enrolled  in  the 
R.  O.  T.  C.,  and  it  was  also  voted  that  students  regularly  re¬ 
ported  as  enrolled  in  the  aviation  school  be  relieved  from  at¬ 
tendance  on  their  academic  schedule  in  the  University  and  be 
treated  as  students  enrolled  in  the  R.  O.  T.  C.  as  regards  credit 
for  the  term’s  work. 

In  connection  with  the  progress  of  military  affairs  on  the 
Campus,  the  University  Faculty  on  April  27,  1917,  unani¬ 
mously  adopted  the  following  resolution  endorsing  the  prin¬ 
ciple  of  universal  liability  to  military  service : 

The  Faculty  of  Princeton  University,  assembled  in  the  room 
in  which  on  August  26,  1783,  Washington  received  the  grate¬ 
ful  acknowledgments  of  the  Continental  Congress  for  his  serv¬ 
ices  in  establishing  American  Independence,  desires  to  put  on 
record  its  approval  of  the  principle  of  universal  liability  to 
military  servce,  so  earnestly  recommended  by  him. 

The  Faculty  regards  the  argument  of  Washington’s  report 
of  August  20,  1780,  to  the  Continental  Congress,  against  the 
volunteer  system,  against  dependence  on  State  militia,  and  in 
favor  of  conscription,  as  being  entirely  pertinent  to  the  exist¬ 
ing  situation  and  as  possessing  even  greater  cogency  because 
of  present  circumstances.  It  is  even  more  evident  now  than 
then  that  it  is  the  true  policy  of  America  not  to  content  her¬ 
self  with  “temporary  expedients”  but  to  resort  to  “a  peremp¬ 
tory  draft” ;  that  “the  consumption  of  provision,  arms,  ac¬ 
coutrements,  and  stores  of  every  kind”  is  greatly  accelerated 
by  dependence  upon  casual  levies ;  that  “calls  upon  the  militia 
have  interrupted  the  cultivation  of  the  land,  and  of  course 
have  lessened  the  quantity  of  its  products,  occasioned  a 
scarcity,  and  enhanced  the  prices” ;  that  “had  we  formed  a 
permanent  army  in  the  beginning”  the  country  would  have 
been  spared  great  misfortunes,  and  “the  enemy  would  have 
had  nothing  to  hope  for” ;  that  if  the  army  is  put  upon  a  re¬ 
spectable  footing  “nothing  will  tend  more  to  give  peace  the 
ensuing  winter” ;  and  that  “the  surest  way  to  make  a  good 
peace  is  to  be  well  prepared  for  war.” 

This  advice  of  Washington,  so  prophetic  in  its  terms,  so 
clear  in  its  exhibition  of  national  duty,  is  the  voice  of  wisdom 
and  patriotism,  appealing  to  the  honor  and  conscience  of  our 
people  and  their  representatives  in  Congress  at  the  present 
crisis. 

Copies  of  the  resolution  were  sent  to  the  Chairmen  of  the 
House  and  Senate  Military  Committees  in  Congress  at  that 
time  debating  the  Draft  Bill. 


WAR  RECORD 


15 


Further  adjustments  for  students  leaving  College  before  the 
end  of  the  term  to  enter  service  were  adoptd  May  7,  1917, 
and  it  was  also  agreed  that  candidates  for  the  Freshman  Class 
in  September  should  in  the  discretion  of  the  Entrance  Com¬ 
mittee  be  exempted  from  entrance  examinations  and  be  ad¬ 
mitted  in  September  on  trial  if  they  had  been  in  military 
service.  Twenty-eight  men  were  so  admitted  in  September. 

The  following  table  shows  the  distribution  of  Princeton 
students  in  war  service  or  training  as  of  June  13,  1917: 


Department  Class 

Officers’  Training  Camps .  3 

O.  R.  C.  (Princeton  Intensive) 

American  Ambulance  .  24 

Coast  Patrol  (S.  S.  “Corsair”).... 
Coast  Patrol  (Newport  Station)... 

Coast  Patrol  (other  stations) . 

Dr.  Lloyd’s  Hospital  Unit .  2 

Aviation  Corps  . 

Y.  M.  C.  A.  (England) .  2 

Y.  M.  C.  A.  (Egypt) . 

Y.  M.  C.  A.  (U.  S.A.) . 

State  Militia  . 3 

Battery  A  of  Baltimore,  Md .  5 

Co.  L,  N.  J.  N.  G . 

Medical  Corps  .  3 

U.  S.  Navy  . 

U.  S.  Cavalry  .  1 

U.  S.  Marines  . 

U.  S.  Engineers  . 

Quartermaster  Corps  . . 

Naval  Reserve  . . 

Naval  Defense  Corps  . 

Miscl.  Work  .  7 


Camp 
Fort  Myer 


Benjamin  Harrison 

Niagara  . 

Sheridan  . 

Plattsburgh  . 

Fort  Madison  . 

Riley  . 

Snelling  . 

Root  . 

Oglethorpe  . 

Presidio  . 

F'-rt  McPherson  . 

Sam  Houston  . . . . 


1920 

1919 

1918 

19J7  Qual.  Total 

3 

32 

45 

81 

12 

173 

4 

24 

34 

43 

14 

1 19 

24 

33 

20 

23 

4 

104 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

5 

5 

42 

26 

24 

6 

103 

28 

7 

6 

3 

2 

46 

2 

15 

10 

3 

4 

34 

5 

12 

6 

18 

3 

44 

2 

2 

3 

6 

1 

14 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

3 

6 

2 

11 

5 

1 

2 

i 

9 

4 

1 

3 

1 

9 

3 

3 

2 

3 

11 

2 

2 

4 

1 

1 

1 

1 

3 

5 

1 

1 

1 

3 

1 

2 

3 

1 

4 

5 

2 

2 

4 

•  7 

4 

10 

8 

2 

3i 

93 

190 

173 

232 

53 

741 

ining  Camps  June  13, 

1917 

1920 

1919 

1918 

1917  Qual.  Total 

11 

13 

33 

5 

62 

1 

3 

5 

13 

22 

5 

6 

9 

20 

4 

6 

5 

3 

18 

3 

4 

7 

14 

1 

1 

3 

5 

1 

11 

3 

1 

2 

6 

2 

2 

1 

5 

1 

I 

2 

4 

1 

3 

4 

2 

1 

3 

1 

2 

3 

1 

1 

3 

32 

45 

81 

12 

173 

16  PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


The  records  in  the  office  of  the  Dean  of  the  College  show 
that  beside  the  741  men  who  left  College  for  war  service,  653 
participated  in  the  military  drill  or  other  military  instruction 
under  Captain  Heintzelman. 

Thus,  out  of  an  undergraduate  enrolment  of  1409  in  1916- 
17,  1394  were  either  in  some  form  of  actual  service,  or  were 
drilling,  or  were  receiving  military  instruction  of  one  sort  or 
another.  Several  members  of  the  Faculty  were  members  of 
the  Battalion. 

On  the  declaration  of  war  all  organized  extra-mural  ath¬ 
letics  were  discontinued,  and  the  schedules  of  the  musical 
clubs  and  the  Triangle  Club  cancelled,  not  only  because  of 
the  absence  of  members  but  because  the  interest  and  time  of 
the  undergraduates  were  fully  occupied  by  the  military  activity 
outlined  above. 

At  the  last  meeting  of  the  Faculty  before  Commencement, 
plans  were  brought  in  for  military  training  during  the  ensuing 
academic  year,  and  the  following  report,  moved  by  Professor 
Raycroft,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Military  Instruction, 
was  adopted: 

Your  Committee  has  given  careful  consideration  to  those 
questions  which  affect  the  policy  of  the  University  in  the  mat¬ 
ter  of  instruction  in  military  science  during  the  coming  year. 

We  think  that  the  value  of  the  work  accomplished  during 
the  past  term  has  warranted  the  serious  disruption  of  the  reg¬ 
ular  schedule  which  has  resulted.  We  believe  that  the  Uni¬ 
versity  has  a  continuing  responsibility  in  this  matter  which  it 
should  try  to  meet  during  the  period  of  the  war.  We  feel, 
however,  that  careful  planning  will  enable  the  University  to 
fulfill  its  military  obligation  to  its  students  and  to  the  country 
without  any  serious  interference  with  the  regular  academic 
program. 

There  is  at  present  a  provision  in  the  curriculum  for  two 
elective  courses  in  military  science,  one  for  juniors  and  one 
for  seniors.  In  our  opinion  these  two  courses  should  be  sup¬ 
plemented  by  provision  for  practical  work  for  all  classes  ac¬ 
cording  to  the  following  recommendations : 

1.  That  the  University  shall  provide  practical  extra-cur¬ 
riculum  courses  to  supplement  the  regular  Junior  and  Senior 
Electives  in  Military  Science,  so  that  those  electives  shall  ful¬ 
fill  the  requirements  of  G.  O.  49  of  the  War  Department,  ac- 


WAR  RECORD 


i7 


cording  to  law  passed  June  3,  1916,  which  specifies  that  these 
courses  shall  be  three  hours  theoretical  and  two  hours  practical. 

2.  That  the  University  shall  provide  courses  of  two  hours 
practical  and  one  hour  theoretical  work  which  may  be  elected 
to  satisfy  the  physical  education  requirement  of  the  Freshman 
year,  and  as  an  extra-curriculum  course  for  the  Sophomores, 
but  which  shall  be  obligatory  for  those  Sophomores  who  take 
this  Freshman  course. 

3.  That  students  of  proper  military  age  and  physical  condi¬ 
tion  be  allowed  to  take  a  military  course  from  a  higher  year 
as  an  extra  course.  The  Committee  on  Course  of  Study  shall 
have  power  to  deal  with  conflicts  which  may  arise  in  such  cases. 

In  pursuance  of  these  plans,  Major  Herbert  H.  Sargent, 
U.  S.  A.,  detailed  to  Princeton  by  the  War  Department  for 
the  purpose,  has  been  appointed  Professor  of  Military  Science 
and  Tactics  and  is  in  charge  of  all  military  instruction  and  drill 
in  the  University,  succeeding  Captain  Heintzelman. 

Moreover,  with  a  view  to  preparing  men  for  the  Naval  Re¬ 
serve,  courses  in  Navigation  and  Seamanship  have  been  in¬ 
stituted,  and  the  Navy  Department  has  detailed  Lieutenant 
E.  B.  Nixon,  U.  S.  N.,  to  take  charge  of  lectures  on  Ordnance 
and  Gunnery,  especially  for  men  in  College  who  are  already 
members  of  the  U.  S.  Naval  Reserve. 

The  character  of  Commencement  was  very  different  from 
that  of  former  years.  The  Class  Day  exercises  were  held  Fri¬ 
day  afternoon,  June  15,  before  a  small  audience,  the  amphi¬ 
theatre  not  being  erected.  The  graduating  exercises  of  the 
Class  of  1917  were  held  on  Saturday  morning,  many  members 
of  the  Class  returning  for  the  occasion  on  leave  of  absence  and 
in  uniform.  Of  the  282  members  of  the  Class  who  received 
their  degrees,  231  were  already  in  active  service  or  preparing 
to  enter  service. 

At  ceremonies  held  on  the  steps  of  Nassau  Hall  on  Satur¬ 
day  afternoon,  the  honorary  degree  of  LL.D.  was  conferred 
on  the  Secretary  of  State,  Mr.  Lansing,  and  on  the  ambassa¬ 
dors  and  ministers  of  the  Allied  Nations — the  French  Am¬ 
bassador,  the  British  Ambassador,  the  Italian  Ambassador, 
the  Japanese  Ambassador,  the  Portuguese  Minister  and  the 
Belgian  Minister.  The  Serbian  Minister  was  unable  to  be 
present.  The  honorary  degree  of  LL.D.  was  also  conferred 


i8 


PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


on  Mr.  Hoover,  head  of  the  Commission  for  Relief  of  Bel¬ 
gium,  with  which  a  particularly  large  number  of  Princetonians 
had  been  actively  associated.  The  honorary  degree  of  A.M. 
was  conferred  on  Captain  (now  Lieutenant  Colonel)  Heintzel- 
man,  who  had  been  called  into  active  duty. 

After  the  exercises  the  alumni  and  guests  proceeded  to  the 
lower  campus  and  witnessed  an  exhibition  of  military  man¬ 
oeuvres  by  the  Princeton  Battalion  and  of  flying  by  members 
of  the  Aviation  Corps. 

The  Baccalaureate  Sermon  was  delivered  on  Sunday  as 
usual. 


II 

The  American  University  Union  in  Europe 

Provision  for  the  welfare  of  college  men  serving  in  Europe 
had  been  considered  by  individual  institutions  early  in  the 
spring  and  summer,  leading  in  July  to  the  formation  of  the 
American  University  Union  in  Europe,  with  Continental  head¬ 
quarters  in  Paris.  Mr.  Henry  B.  Thompson,  of  the  Board  of 
Trustees  of  Princeton  University,  is  Princeton’s  representa¬ 
tive  on  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Union,  and  is  also 
Treasurer. 

The  purposes  of  this  organization  are : 

1.  To  provide  at  moderate  cost  a  home  with  the  privileges 
of  a  simple  club  for  American  college  men  and  their  friends 
passing  through  Paris  or  on  furlough ;  the  privileges  to  include 
information  bureau,  writing  and  newspaper  room,  bedrooms, 
baths,  social  features,  opportunities  for  physical  recreation, 
entertainments,  medical  advice,  etc. 

2.  To  provide  a  headquarters  for  the  various  bureaus  al¬ 
ready  established  in  France  by  representative  American  uni¬ 
versities,  colleges  and  technical  schools. 

The  Union  has  established  headquarters  at  the  Royal  Palace 
Hotel,  Place  du  Theatre  Frangais,  Paris,  and  a  branch  office 
in  London  at  16  Pall  Mall,  East,  S.  W.,  i.  Professor  Paul 
van  Dyke,  Class  of  1881,  was  placed  in  charge  of  the  Prince¬ 
ton  Bureau  in  the  University  Union  and  arrived  in  Paris  early 
in  August.  He  has  since  been  appointed  Secretary  of  the 
Executive  Committee  of  the  Union. 


WAR  RECORD 


19 


The  chief  objects  of  the  Princeton  Bureau  are: 

1.  To  keep  an  address  list  of  all  men  with  Princeton  con¬ 
nections,  in  France  and  as  far  as  possible  in  other  European 
allied  countries. 

2.  To  be  of  service  to  the  parents  and  friends  of  Princeton 
men  in  answering  inquiries  regarding  them. 

3.  To  cooperate  with  the  American  Clearing  House  in  send¬ 
ing  parcels  to  Princeton  men  at  the  front. 

4.  To  visit  the  sick  and  wounded  in  hospitals. 

5.  To  communicate  with  the  families  of  Princeton  men  re¬ 
garding  casualties,  and  to  advance  money  for  relief  in  special 
cases. 

6.  To  attend  to  purchases  and  other  commissions  for 
Princeton  men  at  the  front. 

7.  To  aid  Princeton  men  in  all  cases  where  advice  and  as¬ 
sistance  are  needed  in  dealing  with  the  American  Embassy, 
French  officials,  Red  Cross,  etc. 

8.  To  cooperate  with  the  University  authorities  and  other 
Princeton  organizations  in  all  ways  which  have  to  do  with 
looking  after  the  interests  of  Princeton  men  engaged  in  mili¬ 
tary,  relief,  Red  Cross,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  and  other  forms  of  service 
in  connection  with  the  war. 

Professor  van  Dyke  carried  with  him  a  list  of  names  and 
addresses  with  emergency  addresses  of  some  300  Princeton 
men  abroad.  This  list  has  been  added  to  by  nine  successive 
bulletins,  and  now  (December  5)  contains  666  names.  Addi¬ 
tional  bulletins  are  sent  to  him  every  week  or  ten  days,  and 
he  reports  all  new  names  registered  at  the  Union.  Already 
he  has  been  able  to  be  of  great  service  to  Princeton  men  in 
France  and  to  anxious  parents  in  America.  The  cordial  re¬ 
sponse  from  parents  on  this  side  to  the  circulars  announcing 
the  organization  of  the  Union  indicated  that  its  formation  was 
one  of  the  most  important  steps  taken  by  our  universities  in 
connection  with  the  war.  The  office  of  the  Secretary  of  the 
University  in  Nassau  Hall  is  the  local  Princeton  office  of  the 
Union,  where  all  communications  and  inquiries  should  be  ad¬ 
dressed  to  Professor  V.  L.  Collins,  local  representative  of  the 
Union. 

The  financial  backing  for  this  enterprise  will,  it  is  hoped, 
be  secured  by  the  dues  of  supporting  universities,  colleges  and 
institutions  of  learning.  Each  individual  bureau  in  the  Union 


20 


PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


is,  however,  responsible  for  its  own  budget.  The  Princeton 
Bureau,  at  which  Professor  Paul  van  Dyke  is  the  official 
Princeton  representative,  is  supported  by  voluntary  contribu¬ 
tions,  to  secure  which  an  appeal  signed  by  President  Hibben, 
Mr.  Thompson,  Treasurer  of  the  Union,  and  Mr.  Hope,  Chair¬ 
man  of  the  Graduate  Council,  was  issued  to  all  alumni.  The 
response  to  this  appeal  was  gratifying,  but  will  not  be  sufficient 
for  the  needs  of  the  Bureau.* 

The  numerous  letters  received  from  parents  of  Princeton 
boys  abroad  show  how  deeply  the  work  of  the  Union  is  ap¬ 
preciated  by  those  on  whom  anxiety  is  heavily  weighing. 

Mr.  Gordon  G.  Sikes  1916  has  been  appointed  assistant  to 
Professor  van  Dyke  at  Paris. 

Ill 

The  Princeton  Summer  Military  Camp 

Early  in  the  spring  of  1917,  the  Committee  on  Military  In¬ 
struction  discussed  the  feasibility  of  continuing  military  in¬ 
struction  through  the  summer,  and  in  April  a  formal  proposal 
was  made  to  the  Secretary  of  War  by  the  University  that  the 
dormitories,  dining  halls,  and  grounds  of  the  University  be 
placed  at  the  disposal  of  the  War  Department,  under  condi¬ 
tions  to  be  agreed  upon,  for  use  as  an  establishment  for  the 
intensive  training  of  men  for  officers’  commissions.  It  was 
pointed  out  that  the  dormitories  could  accommodate  2200  or 
more,  the  dining  halls  could  seat  1200,  and  twice  that  number 
in  two  groups;  that  beginning  early  in  June  until  early  in 
September  the  entire  plant  of  the  University  could  be  used; 
that  in  September  when  tentage  and  other  camp  equipment 
might  be  available  the  grounds  surrounding  the  University 
would  continue  to  be  available  as  long  as  might  be  necessary; 
and  that  the  large  acreage,  generous  railway  and  other  trans¬ 
portation  facilities,  good  drainage  and  water  supply,  and  the 
rolling  and  variegated  nature  of  the  surrounding  country  all 
seemed  unusually  well  adapted  for  military  training  exercises. 
This  physical  equipment  and  the  organization  in  military  train- 

*For  the  convenience  of  those  who  wish  to  aid  in  the  support  of 
the  Bureau,  a  subscription  form  is  enclosed. 


WAR  RECORD 


21 


ing  already  established  were  offered  to  the  Government  with 
the  idea  that  they  might  be  of  real  service  in  providing  good 
working  and  living  conditions  for  men  in  training  for  com¬ 
missions,  until  such  time  as  the  equipment  and  organization 
of  the  regular  training  camps  should  be  perfected. 

The  War  Department,  however,  was  unable  to  accept  this 
offer. 

In  May,  Colonel  A.  R.  Kuser,  of  Bernardsville,  N.  J.,  advo¬ 
cated  warmly  to  President  Hibben  the  advisability  of  having 
the  University  consider  the  extension  of  military  training 
throughout  the  summer  vacation.  The  Faculty  Committee  on 
Military  Instruction  gave  the  proposal  its  heartiest  approval. 
President  Hibben  then  authorized  Professor  H.  B.  Thompson 
to  proceed  in  the  matter  with  the  result  that  in  June  Colonel 
Kuser  handed  to  Mr.  Wintringer,  the  Secretary  of  Business 
Administration  of  Princeton  University,  a  check  for  a  suffi¬ 
cient  amount  to  finance  the  project.  President  Hibben  ap¬ 
pointed  the  following  Advisory  Committee  in  charge  of  the 
camp : 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE 

Governor  Walter  E.  Edge,  Chairman, 

Ex-Governor  Franklin  Murphy, 

Ex-Governor  E.  C.  Stokes, 

Chas.  W.  Barber,  Adjutant  General  of  New  Jersey, 

C.  Edward  Murray,  Quartermaster  General  of  New  Jersey, 
Lt.-Col.  W.  G.  Schauffler,  Surgeon  General  of  New  Jersey, 
Calvin  N.  Kendall,  State  Commissioner  of  Education, 

Col.  A.  R.  Kuser, 

Melvin  A.  Rice,  President  State  Board  of  Education, 

Bvt.  Maj.-Gen.  E.  P.  Meany,  N.  G.  N.  J., 

Col.  E.  A.  Stevens, 

Wallace  M.  Scudder, 

John  Grier  Hibben,  President  Princeton  University, 

J.  Ross  Stevenson,  President  Princeton  Theological  Seminary 
Lindley  M.  Garrison,  Former  Secretary  of  War, 

James  A.  O’Gorman,  Former  U.  S.  Senator, 

M.  Taylor  Pyne, 

C.  Ledyard  Blair, 

Joseph  E.  Raycroft, 

Geo.  C.  Wintringer, 

R.  M.  Anderson, 


22 


PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


James  Kerney, 

Thos.  M.  McCarter, 

C.  B.  Mitchell, 

Col.  Myron  W.  Robinson, 

Henry  D.  Thompson,  Secretary. 

Governor  Edge  consented  to  act  as  Chairman  of  this  Com¬ 
mittee,  George  C.  Wintringer  was  appointed  Treasurer,  and 
Henry  D.  Thompson,  Secretary. 

An  Executive  Committee  was  selected  from  these  names, 
consisting  of  President  Hibben,  Chairman,  Ex-Governor 
Murphy,  Ex-Governor  Stokes,  Adjutant  Gen.  Barber,  Lt.-Col. 
Schauffler,  Commissioner  Kendall,  Gen.  E.  P.  Meany,  Col. 
A.  R.  Kuser,  and  H.  D.  Thompson,  Secretary. 

The  camp  was  authorized  to  be  held  from  June  25  to  Aug. 
18,  1917.  On  June  11  the  Governor  of  New  Jersey  issued  the 
following  statement: 

“New  Jersey  will  vigorously  support  this  very  commendable 
enterprise.  The  State  has  furnished  the  National  Government 
with  thousands  of  National  Guardsmen,  many  of  whom  are 
already  enrolled  in  the  Federal  ranks.  I  feel  that  the  estab¬ 
lishment  of  the  New  Jersey  Summer  Military  Camp  will  like¬ 
wise  be  the  means  of  furnishing  the  Government  with  trained 
men.  Capable  instructors  will  be  furnished  by  the  State,  and, 
if  available,  by  the  United  States  Government.  It  is  expected 
that  the  eight  weeks’  course  will  also  include  rifle  practice  on 
the  Sea  Girt  range. 

“The  high  moral  environment  of  Princeton  is  so  well  known 
that  the  opportunity  offered  the  young  men  to  be  associated 
with  this  camp  needs  no  further  endorsement.” 

And  after  the  opening  of  the  camp,  the  following  official 
approval  was  received  from  the  Hon.  Newton  D.  Baker,  Secre¬ 
tary  of  War: 

“Hon.  Walter  E.  Edge,  Governor  of  New  Jersey,  Trenton, 
N.  J. 

“My  dear  Governor : 

“Your  letter  of  the  8th  inst.,  with  reference  to  securing  the 
official  approval  of  the  War  Department  of  the  establishment 
of  the  New  Jersey  Summer  Military  Camp  at  Princeton,  is 
at  hand. 

“The  organization  of  the  Summer  Military  Camp  at  Prince¬ 
ton  University,  to  be  conducted  under  the  auspices  of  that 
institution,  with  the  aid  and  joint  control  of  the  State  author- 


WAR  RECORD  23 

ities  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey,  has  the  approval  of  the  War 
Department. 

“The  instruction  of  young  men  in  military  subjects  as  pro¬ 
posed  in  this  instance  is  recognized  for  its  great  value  in  con¬ 
nection  with  the  organization  of  the  National  Army.  Some  of 
the  men  who  attend  the  Summer  Military  Camp  may  be  ad¬ 
mitted  to  the  second  training  camps  by  being  selected  as  part 
of  the  quota  of  their  home  states,  but  the  principal  value  seems 
to  be  the  prospect  it  offers  of  finding  in  the  drafted  army  a 
larger  number  of  men  with  previous  training,  and  presumably 
qualified  for  appointment  as  non-commissioned  officers. 

“Sincerely  yours, 

“Newton  D.  Baker,  Secretary  of  War.” 

The  University  offered  without  charge  for  the  use  of  the 
Camp,  grounds,  dormitories,  kitchens,  dining  halls,  gymnasium, 
infirmary,  and  other  buildings.  In  addition  the  Princeton 
Theological  Seminary  also  offered  its  buildings  although  it 
proved  unnecessary  to  use  them.  The  Government  deposited 
with  the  University  776  rifles  and  the  State  of  New  Jersey 
repaired,  enlarged  and  improved  the  rifle  range  used  by  Com¬ 
pany  L  of  Princeton. 

It  being  found  necessary  to  have  the  skeleton  of  a  military 
establishment,  President  Hibben  appointed  Professor  Rad- 
cliffe  Heermance  of  the  Department  of  English  and  Assistant 
Professor  of  Military  Science  and  Tactics,  as  Captain  and 
Adjutant,  and  Professor  R.  K.  Root,  of  the  Department  of 
English,  as  Captain  of  one  of  the  companies.  The  camp  was 
also  fortunate  in  securing  the  services  of  Captain  Swentzel 
of  the  National  Guard  of  New  York,  Captain  Augustus  Dohm, 
Class  of  1900,  formerly  of  the  National  Guard  of  New  Jersey, 
Captain  M.  S.  Farr,  Class  of  1892,  formerly  of  the  National 
Guard  of  New  Jersey,  Captain  Brown  and  Lieutenant  Massey, 
Canadian  officers  invalided  home  from  the  front,  and  in  addi¬ 
tion,  for  teaching  topography,  etc.,  the  following  men  who 
had  had  experience  in  instruction  during  the  intensive  courses 
offered  by  the  University  during  the  spring:  B.  F.  Howell, 
Class  of  1913,  of  the  Department  of  Geology,  James  Creese, 
Class  of  1918,  H.  F.  Armstrong,  Class  of  1916,  R.  H.  Barks¬ 
dale,  A.M.  1917,  A.  P.  Giraud,  A.M.  1917,  G.  R.  McPherrin, 


24 


PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


Class  of  1910,  H.  Bullock,  Class  of  1917,  J.  H.  Stevens,  Class 
of  1917,  and  R.  W.  Tickner,  Class  of  1917.  Mr.  Frederick  T. 
Dawson,  Class  of  1910,  was  placed  in  charge  of  physical  ex¬ 
ercises. 

The  State  appointed  for  duty  at  the  camp  the  following 
officers  and  enlisted  men:  Major  Gaskell,  Captain  S.  M.  Dick¬ 
inson,  Class  of  1905,  Lieutenant  Colonel  Schauffler,  Surgeon 
General  of  the  State,  Colonel  William  Libbey,  Class  of  1877, 
Captain  Dunphey,  and  Lieutenant  Douglas. 

On  July  2  the  Federal  Government  sent  to  Princeton  Major 
S.  M.  Rumbough,  U.S.A.,  as  Commandant,  and  a  few  days 
later  Captain  W.  E.  Dove,  U.S.A.,  as  Inspector-instructor. 

From  the  detailed  report  on  the  Summer  Camp  prepared 
by  the  Secretary  of  the  Executive  Committee,  Professor  H.  D. 
Thompson,  the  following  closing  paragraph  may  be  quoted. 

“The  morale  of  the  battalion  throughout  the  encampment 
was  very  high.  The  earnestness  and  seriousness  brought  to 
the  work  were  strongly  manifested  in  this  as  in  the  practically 
complete  absence  of  extraordinary  or  unusual  disciplinary  pun¬ 
ishments.  It  is  believed  that  those  who  have  supported  it 
throughout  may  feel  assured  that  the  instruction  during  these 
two  months  was  most  highly  beneficial  to  the  battalion  and 
that  in  the  future  service  which  will  be  rendered  by  these  men 
who  participated,  these  efforts  will  meet  with  their  full  re¬ 
ward.” 

The  following  tables  indicate  the  representation  by  States, 
by  Colleges  and  by  Schools  of  the  men  attending  the  camps, 
together  with  their  ages : 

Representation  by  States 


Alabama  . 

, . ..  4 

Minnesota  . 

.  2 

Connecticut  . 

....  8 

Missouri  . . 

2 

Delaware  . 

, . . .  1 

New  Hampshire  . . 

.  3 

District  of  Columbia  . 

New  Jersey  . 

.  151 

Florida  . 

. . . .  1 

New  York  . 

.  50 

Illinois  . . 

. . . .  2 

Ohio  . 

.  3 

Indiana  . 

Pennsylvania  . . 

.  46 

Kansas  . 

. . . .  1 

Rhode  Island  . . 

.  1 

Kentucky  . 

, . . .  1 

Virginia  . 

.  3 

Massachusetts  . 

. . . .  14 

West  Virginia  . 

.  3 

Maryland  . 

....  8 

— 

306 


WAR  RECORD 


25 


Colleges 

Grad. 

Under¬ 

grad. 

Penn  State  . 

Stevens  Tech . 

1 

1 

Princeton  . 

..  27 

37 

Swarthmore  . 

1 

Harvard  . 

4 

Syracuse  . 

, .  1 

Lafayette  . 

..  6 

1 

Wash.  &  Lee  . 

.  1 

Yale  . 

5 

— 

— 

Cornell  . 

3 

50 

69 

Univ.  of  Pa . 

New  York  Univ... 
N.  J.  Law  School.. 
Columbia  . 

. .  1 

. .  1 

4 

2 

3 

1 

Schools 

Grad. 

Under- 

grad. 

Dartmouth  . 

I 

St.  Paul’s  (Concord)  15 

10 

Oberlin  . 

. .  2 

Blair  . 

. .  2 

8 

Rutgers  . 

. .  1 

1 

Groton  . 

..  3 

6 

Bucknell  . 

1 

St.  George’s  . . 

•  •  3 

4 

Clark  University  .. 

. .  1 

St.  Mark’s  . 

•  •  4 

3 

Colgate  . 

. .  1 

Lawrenceville  . . 

. .  1 

3 

Georgetown  . 

I 

Pomfret  . 

. .  1 

3 

Gettysburg  . 

. .  1 

High  Schools  . . 

. .  29 

25 

Haverford  . 

Various  Academies. 

33 

38 

Mass.  Inst.  Tech... 

1 

— 

— 

Notre  Dame  . 

1 

158 

98 

College  Graduates 

Summary 

50 

do.  Undergraduates  .  69 

-  1 19 

School  Graduates  .  158 

do.  Undergraduates  .  98 

-  256 


375 

Names  repeated  .  69 

Grand  Total  .  306 


Representation  by  Age 


Age  in  June, 

Number  of 

27 . 

.  5 

1917 

Men 

28 . 

.  3 

16 . 

.  13 

29 . 

.  5 

1 7 . 

.  53 

30 . 

.  4 

18 . 

.  73 

3i . 

.  2 

19 . 

.  4i 

32 . 

.  1 

20 . 

.  3i 

34 . 

21 . 

.  15 

36 . 

22 . 

.  17 

38 . 

.  2 

23 . 

40 . 

.  1 

24 . 

.  13 

42 . 

25 . 

.  7 

26 . 

.  9 

IV 

The  United  States  School  of  Military  Aeronautics 
Early  in  June  the  War  Department  designated  Princeton 
as  one  of  the  Government  Schools  of  Military  Aeronautics, 


26 


PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


having  accepted  President  Hibben’s  previous  offer  of  the  Uni¬ 
versity  buildings  and  equipment  for  any  use  to  which  they 
might  be  put.  The  School  was  opened  July  3  with  Major 
A.  H.  Gilkeson,  U.S.A.,  in  charge  as  Commandant. 

The  object  of  this  School  is  to  give  an  eight  weeks’  intensive 
ground  course  in  the  following  subjects:  Theory  of  Flight 
including  Rigging  and  Care  of  Aeroplanes ;  Operation  of 
Aeronautical  Engines;  Principles  of  Cross  Country  and  Gen¬ 
eral  Flight;  Use  and  Care  of  Rapid  Fire  Machine  Guns; 
Telegraphy  and  Wireless;  Aerial  Observation;  Military 
Studies  and  Military  Drill.  After  graduation  the  students 
are  sent  to  one  of  the  Government  Aviation  Fields  or  abroad 
for  instruction  in  flying. 

The  University  entered  into  a  contract  with  the  U.  S.  Gov¬ 
ernment  to  supply  this  instruction  and  President  Hibben  ap¬ 
pointed  Professor  van  Ingen,  of  the  Department  of  Geology, 
head  of  the  teaching  staff. 

The  School  as  originally  planned  was  to  have  a  maximum 
of  two  hundred  students,  but  as  the  aviation  work  of  the  Gov¬ 
ernment  developed  this  number  has  been  gradually  increased. 
At  present  the  School  is  operating  on  a  maximum  of  five  hun¬ 
dred  and  fifty  and  later  in  December  will  be  increased  to  seven 
hundred.  Three  dormitories,  Patton,  Cuyler  and  Brown  Halls, 
are  being  used  as  barracks  and  part  of  the  University  Dining 
Halls  as  a  mess  hall.  The  military  drill  is  conducted  on  Poe 
and  Brokaw  Fields  and  parts  of  the  following  buildings  are 
being  used  for  the  lectures  and  laboratory  work :  Guyot  Hall, 
Palmer  Physical  Laboratory,  School  of  Science  building  and 
Civil  Engineering  Laboratory. 

The  increase  in  the  School  has  made  it  necessary  to  erect 
two  one-story  wooden  buildings  for  the  use  of  the  Aeroplane 
and  Gas  Engine  Divisions.  These  buildings  are  now  in  course 
of  construction  on  that  part  of  the  Campus  south  of  Guyot 
Hall,  and  will  be  ready  for  occupancy  sometime  during  the 
month  of  December.  The  building  for  the  Aeroplane  Division 
is  44  ft.  wide  by  317  ft.  long  and  that  for  the  Gas  Engine 
Division  is  35  ft.  wide  by  300  ft.  long. 

Included  in  the  corps  of  instructors  (which  now  numbers 


WAR  RECORD 


27 


nearly  fifty)  are  the  following  members  of  the  University 
staff:  Assistant  Professor  McCabe,  of  the  Department  of 
Economics;  Mr.  K.  H.  Condit,  Class  of  1913,  of  the  Depart¬ 
ment  of  Civil  Engineering;  Mr.  B.  F.  Howell,  Class  of  1913, 
of  the  Department  of  Geology,  and  Mr.  Roswell  Davis,  Super¬ 
intendent  of  Grounds  and  Buildings;  and  the  following  grad¬ 
uates  and  undergraduates :  Class  of  1910,  Messrs.  G.  R.  Mc- 
Pherrin  and  E.  H.  Bergen;  Class  of  1914,  R.  A.  Bullock,  R. 
W.  Bauhahn  and  Edward  Sampson;  Class  of  1916,  P.  G. 
Giffin ;  Class  of  1917,  C.  P.  Johnson,  Harrison  Bullock  anch 
J.  H.  Stevens;  Class  of  1918,  Jarvis  Cromwell  and  Van  R. 
Halsey;  Class  of  1919,  F.  B.  Christmas. 

In  addition,  Lieutenant  J.  D.  Beggs,  Class  of  1908,  and 
Lieutenant  D.  G.  Barnhouse,  partial  1917,  are  in  charge  of 
the  Quartermaster’s  Department  of  the  School. 

Major  Gilkeson  was  recalled  by  the  Government  on  Sep¬ 
tember  14  and  Captain  Rodman  Gilder,  U.  S.  R.,  was  de¬ 
tailed  as  Acting  Commandant  and  Lieutenant  Cortlandt  W. 
Handy,  Class  of  1911,  as  Adjutant.  Captain  Gilder  was  trans¬ 
ferred  on  October  26  and  Major  Dana  H.  Crissy,  U.S.A.,  was 
detailed  as  Commandant.  Mr.  Geo.  H.  Bonsall,  Class  of  1915, 
is  secretary  to  the  Commandant. 

V 

Princeton  War  Record 

The  effect  of  the  war  on  the  University  enrollment  is  very 
patent  in  the  contraction  of  numbers  in  the  undergraduate 
body  and  in  the  absence  of  members  of  the  Faculty. 

Of  the  Faculty  in  1914,  seventy-nine,  or  over  36  per  cent, 
are  in  actual  service  of  one  sort  or  another,  thirty-three  being 
in  the  army  or  navy.  The  University  Catalogue  this  winter 
will  show  an  absentee  list  of  over  forty.  Others  are  serving 
the  Government  partly  in  Washington  and  partly  in  Prince¬ 
ton  ;  several  have  been  in  service  during  the  summer  but  are 
now  back  in  Princeton. 

About  550  undergraduates  did  not  return  to  College  this 
Fall.  A  circular  enquiry  was  sent  to  their  parents  or  guardians 
asking  for  their  whereabouts.  Up  to  December  1,  387  replies 


28 


PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


had  been  received  which  revealed  the  fact  that  375  of  the 
absentees  are  in  actual  service  or  training,  3  have  left  College 
for  private  reasons,  4  have  tried  to  enter  service  and  have  been 
rejected,  4  have  since  returned  to  College,  and  one  is  sick. 

The  following  comparative  tables  of  the  enrollment  of  the 
present  senior,  junior  and  sophomore  classes  as  affected  by 
the  war  speaks  for  itself : 


Class  of  1918 

1916-17 

1917-18 

A.B . 

.  82 

31 

Litt.B . 

.  158 

48 

B.S . 

•  30 

6 

C.E . 

.  1 7 

8 

18 7 

93 

Class  of  1919 

A.B . 

.  99 

5i 

Litt.B.  or  B.S . 

.  218 

103 

C.E . 

•  34 

5 

351 

159 

Class  of  1920 

A.B . 

•  84 

52 

Litt.B.  or  B.S . 

.  258 

182 

C.E . 

•  32 

18 

374 

252 

Total  Undergraduate  Enrollment  . 

Seniors  . 

•  337 

93 

Juniors  . 

59 

Sophomores  . 

•  351 

252 

Freshmen  . 

■■  374 

246 

Specials,  Qualifying, 

etc.. 

.  60 

43 

1409 

793 

At  their  June  meeting  the  Board  of  Trustees  ordered  the 

collection  and  preservation  of  Princeton  war 

records.  A  Com- 

mittee,  of  which  Professor  V. 

L. 

Collins 

is  Chairman,  was 

appointed  consisting  of  all  Class  Secretaries;  other  members 
to  be  added  from  time  to  time. 


This  action  of  the  Trustees  was  immediately  announced  by 
the  Secretary  of  the  University  in  a  statement  from  which 
the  following  extracts  are  taken: 

Purpose.  The  purpose  is  to  collect  for  preservation  in  the 
archives  of  the  University,  and,  if  deemed  advisable,  for  ulti¬ 
mate  publication,  the  record  of  Princeton’s  part  in  the  Euro¬ 
pean  War. 

Long  before  the  United  States  entered  the  War  Princeton- 


WAR  RECORD 


29 


ians  were  active  in  military  service  in  Europe,  in  medical 
service,  in  relief  work,  and  in  ambulance  and  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
work. 

When  the  United  States  entered  the  War  many  Princeton- 
ians  were  in  the  Militia,  and  hundreds  of  others  began  courses 
in  military  and  naval  training,  a  large  proportion  of  whom 
have  since  joined  Reserve  Officers’  Training  Corps,  the  Avia¬ 
tion  Corps,  the  Marine  Corps,  and  the  Signal  Corps,  the  Naval 
Reserve  and  the  Medical  Reserve;  others  are  in  Government 
service  either  in  research  or  administrative  work ;  many  others 
will  be  drafted  into  the  Army. 

The  names  of  all  these  men,  whether  in  training  or  in  actual 
service  and  in  whatever  field,  either  at  home  or  abroad,  should 
be  given  place  in  Princeton’s  War  Record. 

We  shall  eventually  wish  to  have  the  complete  war  record 
of  every  Princetonian  serving — the  unit  with  which  he  served, 
the  important  engagements  in  which  he  took  part,  and  any 
particular  service  he  may  have  rendered.  A  number  of  our 
men  have  already  been  cited  by  the  French  War  Office  and 
we  shall  wish  a  complete  record  of  these  citations  and  of  others 
undoubtedly  to  follow. 

Material.  There  is  no  restriction  as  to  the  kind  of  material 
that  should  be  sent  in,  provided  it  concerns  Princeton  or 
Princetonians  in  the  War.  Constant  vigilance  will  be  neces¬ 
sary  so  that  no  item  may  escape,  and  nothing  should  be  con¬ 
sidered  too  trivial. 

For  your  guidance  I  mention  some  of  the  items  that  are 
desired : 

a.  Full  names. 

b.  College  class. 

c.  Rank,  regiment,  etc.,  or  similar  record. 

d.  Personal  records  from  the  men  themselves. 

e.  Personal  letters  (or  copies)  to  family,  friends,  or  Class 

Secretary. 

f.  Diaries. 

g.  Newspaper  clippings  (with  names  and  date  of  paper). 

h.  Personal  photographs. 

i.  Photographs  of  persons  and  scenes. 

j.  Memorabilia  (e.g.  permits,  passes,  passports,  documents, 

etc.,  relating  to  Princetonians). 

k.  War  relics  (e.g.  weapons,  etc.)  collected  by  Prince¬ 

tonians. 

Headquarters.  The  headquarters  of  the  Committee  on  War 
Records  will  be  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  the  University, 
Nassau  Hall,  Princeton,  New  Jersey,  where  all  data,  informa¬ 
tion  and  material  should  be  sent  and  where  it  will  be  sorted. 


3Q 


PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 


filed  and  indexed.  Individual  war  records  will  be  placed  in 
the  files  of  the  General  Biographical  Catalogue.  Relics  will 
be  placed  in  the  University  War  Collection. 

While  Class  Secretaries  will  of  course  hold  themselves  pri¬ 
marily  responsible  for  the  service  records  of  their  classmates, 
they  should  not  fail  to  note  and  send  in,  carefully  dated,  all 
passing  newspaper  references  to  the  war  activities  of  other 
Princeton  men  that  may  come  to  their  attention. 

Material  at  once  began  to  come  in  which  was  incorporated 
with  the  material  already  collected  to  date  in  the  office  of  the 
General  Biographical  Catalogue. 

Since  the  opening  of  the  present  college  year  this  material 
has  been  largely  increased,  a  card  catalogue  system  has  been 
installed,  with  filing  cabinets  for  letters  and  other  material, 
and  every  day  new  material  in  the  shape  of  reports,  letters, 
clippings,  photographs,  etc.,  is  being  received  in  the  Office  of 
the  Secretary  of  the  University. 

But  the  data  for  any  fairly  complete  computation  of  the 
number  of  Princetonians  who  are  or  have  been  in  service 
are  of  course  not  yet  available.  The  dislocation  of  class  or¬ 
ganizations  due  to  the  war  has  hampered  the  machinery  for 
gathering  class  statistics.  Class  secretaries  have  in  some  cases 
entered  active  service  themselves  and  have  neglected  to  turn 
their  class  affairs  over  to  substitutes,  rendering  it  extremely 
difficult  to  get  class  statistics;  and  scores  of  men  in  service 
have  not  been  reported.  The  figures  quoted  hereafter  are  as 
of  December  5  and  are  only  temporary. 

It  may  be  noted  that  the  Ivy  Club  has  compiled  a  list  of 
its  members  who  are  or  have  been  in  service,  numbering  182. 
Whether  other  clubs  have  undertaken  such  a  compilation  is 
not  known  at  this  writing,  but  the  record  of  the  Ivy  Club  is 
a  fair  index  of  the  general  activity  of  Princeton  alumni  in  the 
national  service  at  this  time. 

According  to  the  records  at  this  date  (December  5)  on  file 
in  the  Office  of  the  Secretary  of  the  University,  2103  Prince¬ 
tonians  are  in  the  service  of  the  country,  of  whom  666  are 
abroad. 


WAR  RECORD 


31 


Army  . 

.  1171 

Navy  . 

.  294 

Marines  . 

48 

Aviation  . 

.  188 

Medical  and  Ambulance.. 

•  39i 

Y.  M.  C.  A . 

80 

Civil  .  120 

Red  Cross  (Exec)  .  36 

Federal  Ununiformed  ....  74 

State  Ununiformed .  22 

Relief .  46 

Total  .  2470 


The  following  Princetonians  have  received  distinctions  in 
war  service: 


DECORATIONS 

Chevalier  of  the  Legion  of  Honor 

Abram  Piatt  Andrew,  Jr.,  *93,  Major,  Director  General  of  American 
Ambulance  Field  Service,  France. 

Knight  Commander  of  the  Order  of  the  Crown  of  Italy 
Jesse  Benedict  Carter  ’93,  Italian  Relief,  died  at  Cervignano,  Italy, 
July  20,  1917. 

Chevalier  of  the  Order  of  the  Crown  of  Belgium 
Melvin  Adams  Hall  ’io,  Captain,  General  Staff,  Second  Army,  Brit¬ 
ish  Expeditionary  Force.  Recommended  for  Military  Cross. 

Distinguished  Service  Order 

George  Wright  Glover,  Faculty,  Second  Lieutenant,  Rifle  Brigade, 
British  Army. 

French  War  Cross  and  Military  Medal 
Robert  Patterson  Lamont  ’19,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 

Wounded  in  action,  lost  left  hand. 

John  Verplanck  Newlin  ’19,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 
Died  August  5,  1917,  from  wounds  received  in  action. 

French  War  Cross 

William  Macdonough  Agar  ’17,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 
Arthur  Bluethenthal  ’13,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 

Thomas  Alexander  Butkiewicz  ’04,  American  Ambulance  Field 
Service. 

William  Stanley  Dell  T6,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 
James  Wilson  Gailey  ’17,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 
Killed  in  action.  Gold  cross. 

William  Blair  Gilmore  ’02,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 

William  Dudley  Foulke  Hughes  ’19,  American  Ambulance  Field 
Service. 

Robert  Davis  McDougal,  Jr.,  ’19,  American  Ambulance  Field 
Service. 

Townsend  Martin  ’17,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 
Rodman  Bowne  Montgomery  T8,  American  Ambulance  Field 
Service. 

Earl  Dodge  Osborn  ’15,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 
Wounded  in  action. 

John  Grim  Rothermel  ’19,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 
Robert  Henry  Scannell  ’15,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 


32  PRINCETON  UNIVERSITY 

Rees  Townsend  Scully  ’og,  Section  Chief,  American  Ambulance 
Field  Service.  Cross  with  palms. 

Henry  Dyer  Moore  Sherrerd  ’17,  American  Ambulance  Field 
Service. 

Henry  Burling  Thompson,  Jr.,  ’20,  American  Ambulance  Field 
Service.  Wounded  in  action. 

Edward  Davis  Townsend  ’05,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 
Herbert  Pell  Townsend  ’10,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 
John  Sylvester  Woodbridge  ’18,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 
Cornelius  Wynant  ’18,  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 

Serbian  Red  Cross  Decoration 

Ethan  Flagg  Butler  ’06,  Serbian  Relief. 

DIED  IN  SERVICE 


William  Rogers  Beal  ’18,  killed  Sept.  11,  1917,  in  France,  in  an  acci¬ 
dent  on  a  train  to  Paris.  American  Red  Cross  Ambulance 
Service. 

Jesse  Benedict  Carter  ’93,  died  at  Cervignano,  Italy,  July  20,  1917, 
while  making  arrangements  for  an  American  officers’  con¬ 
valescent  home  on  the  Italian  front. 

Eric  Anderson  Fowler  ’19,  killed  in  France,  Nov.  26,  1917,  while 
training  in  American  Aviation  Corps. 

James  Wilson  Gailey  ’17,  killed  in  France,  July  29,  1917.  Member 
of  American  Ambulance  Field  Service  in  France. 

William  John  Hallimond  ’10,  reported  missing  after  the  battle  of 
Ypres,  1915,  and  not  heard  from  since.  Lieutenant,  2nd  Bat¬ 
talion,  1st  Infantry  Brigade,  1st  Canadian  Contingent,  Expedi¬ 
tionary  Force,  France. 

Lawrence  Dean  La  Monte  ’96,  wounded  by  shrapnel,  July  1,  1916, 
in  France.  Died  at  the  22nd  General  Hospital,  France,  July 
13,  1916. 

Warden  McLean  ’12,  died  at  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  June  29,  1917, 
from  injuries  caused  by  fall  from  his  horse.  Second  Lieuten¬ 
ant,  R.  O.  T.  C.,  Fort  Oglethorpe. 

John  Verplanck  Newlin  ’19,  wounded  August  3,  1917,  by  a  shell; 
died  August  5,  1917.  American  Ambulance  Field  Service. 

Edward  Cuthbert  Platt,  Jr.,  ’01,  killed  in  action,  Nov.  7,  1917,  in 
France.  Lieutenant,  244th  Battalion,  Canadian  Expeditionary 
Force. 

John  Prentiss  Poe,  Jr.,  ’95,  killed  in  action,  Sept.  25,  1915,  in  France. 
Corporal  in  the  Black  Watch,  British  Expeditionary  Force. 

James  Sanford  Price  ’08,  killed  in  action,  Sept.  12,  1916,  in  France. 
Lieutenant  in  the  Royal  Canadian  Horse  Artillery. 

John  Van  Wicheren  Reynders,  Jr.,  ’17,  killed  Nov.  4,  1917,  by  fall 
from  hydroairplane,  while  training  at  Naval  Aviation  Station, 
Bay  Shore,  L.  I. 

Donald  Neil  Campbell  Ross  ’17,  died  in  France,  Nov.  30,  1917,  from 
wounds  received  in  action.  Lieutenant,  Royal  Field  Artillery, 
Canadian  Expeditionary  Force. 

Samuel  Graham  Wilson  ’76,  died  July  2,  1916,  at  Tabriz,  Persia,  of 
fever  contracted  in  relief  work. 


■  Jfr 


